In the Talmud: The Greatness of Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus

The study of Torah is a human endeavor where the miraculous plays no role

May 30, 2012

Professor Wiesel tells the strange and troubling story of one of the greatest Talmudic students and teachers, Rabbi Eliezer, who, in a debate at the academy of Yavneh over the purity of an oven, fought alone, lost his arguments and was thereafter excommunicated. Professor Wiesel explains his puzzlement and embarrassment: “Isn’t the entire riches and nobility of the Talmud based on dialogue or words of respect for the other side?” Why then was Rabbi Eliezer, excommunicated for his opinion, such an exception? Professor Wiesel explains that Rabbi Eliezer was so loyal to the traditional teachings of the law that he never said anything he had not heard from his teachers. When he spoke on the purity of the oven, he spoke on his predecessors’ behalf, teachers who numbered in the thousands linking him to Moses, the first teacher. Even God sided and agreed with Rabbi Eliezer. This, however, was Rabbi Eliezer’s mistake: to invoke God and His miracles in a Talmudic debate. His method, and not his views, angered his colleagues because Torah interpretation is a human endeavour and Rabbi Eliezer’s claim to derive his interpretation from heaven was regarded as fanatical.

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1) The episode of Akhnai's oven
2) Voting to excommunicate Rabbi Eliezer ben Hyrcanus
3) The Talmud: the art of listening
4) The creation of the academies: building a Talmudic mind
5) Why was R. Eliezer humiliated?
6) Who was Rabbi Eliezer?
7) A difficult father-son relationship
8) Learning under Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai
9) An excellent orator
10) Kerem B’Yavneh
11) The historical context: Rome is in control
12) Rabbi Eliezer: A good son, brother, and father
13) A brilliant teacher
14) Against women learning Torah
15) Ima Shalom: a woman of valor
16) Rabbi Eliezer's firm hand
17) Contacts with Christians
18) Rabbi Eliezer’s pastoral presence
19) A pattern of excommunication: the precedent of Rabbi Akavia ben Mahalalel
20) Blessings on Rabbi Eliezer’s deathbed
21) A posthumous pardon
22) Rabbi Eliezer was excommunicated because of bringing God and miracles into the discussion
23) But the Torah is not in heaven
24) My children defeated me
25) Against Fanaticism
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