The Elie Wiesel Living Archive

at The 92nd Street Y, New York. Supported by The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity

In Modern Times: Fifty Years After - The Lessons of Kristallnacht

Learning from the Holocaust's Cruel Beginnings, Overcoming Indifference

Nov 11, 1988

The plight of individual German Jews—Hava and Baruch, for example—as set forth in the book, The Six Days of Destruction, leads to a 50th anniversary account of Kristalnacht, the night of the broken crystal. This refers to the enemy’s poetic name for the murderous pogrom in Germany and Austria on November 9-10, 1938. It was not so much the beginning of the end as it was the end of the beginning. The event came as a cruel response to the young Jew Hershel Grynspan’s assassination of a German official, a praiseworthy attempt to restore Jewish honor. And until late 1941 Jews could still emigrate from Germany. But there was no where to go. For the first time in Jewish history, there was a divorce between the (European) Jews facing a death sentence and those Jews elsewhere living unthreatened. If human beings would not help or intervene, why didn’t God? asks the protagonist of the novel, Twilight—addressing a madman who believes himself to be the Almighty, as it were. A Midrash speaks of God’s two tears falling into the ocean. Instead, they should fall on our hearts.

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1) The plight of individual German Jews in the book, The Six Days of Destruction
2) 50th anniversary of Kristallnacht
3) The pogrom was not the beginning of the end but rather the end of the beginning phase of the persecution of German Jewry.
4) A cruel response to the assassination of a German official--a praiseworthy attempt to restore Jewish honor.
5) Nowhere for Jews to flee to because of the indifference to their plight
6) Reading from the novel, Twilight, probes why God did not seemingly intervene
7) Yet a relevant Midrash speaks of God’s compassion to Jewish suffering
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