The Elie Wiesel Living Archive

at The 92nd Street Y, New York. Supported by The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity

In the Bible: A Judge Named Deborah

Imperceptible links of one mother to another, of one human being to all others

Apr 07, 2011

Professor Wiesel seeks to draw lessons from the portion of the Prophets that contains the story of the judge Deborah, which he always chants on the shabbat before his Yahrzeit for his father. Since little is known of Deborah, Professor Wiesel situates her in place and time and also within the context of women in Jewish biblical history. Deborah’s story involves three other personae: the hesitant Jewish General Barak; the gigantic enemy, the Canaanite commander Sisera, and another heroine, the Kenite beauty, Yael. Deborah united the people, transmitted God’s orders to Barak to go to war and joined Barak at the front. The Talmud compares the song of the crossing of the Red Sea with the Song of Deborah. In both instances, God performed miracles to save the Jews. Professor Wiesel tells us that the drama “reads like a classical movie, with at the center, not James Bond but, listen...” Professor Wiesel reads how Yael enticed Sisera into her tent, gave him milk to drink so that he would sleep, and then hammered a peg into his temple. Professor Wiesel informs us that each time he chants this haftarah and he reaches the climax of Sisera’s mother anguishing over her son, he is overcome by melancholy. Questioning what Sisera’s mother had done to deserve such punishment, Professor Wiesel posits that this is a story of warfare and bloodshed that invisibly and imperceptibly links one mother to another, one human being to all others.

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Subthemes:
1) The greatness and mystery of Deborah the prophet
2) The Book of Judges: a linear and bloody history of the judges
3) The role of women in Jewish biblical history
4) Barak and Deborah: a commander and a spiritual aide
5) Criticism of and questions about Deborah
6) The enemy: Sisera
7) God actually won the war
8) Post-War: Sisera and Yael
9) How could Yael have killed Sisera?
10) Deborah’s victory song
11) Two mothers’ contrasting concerns: the human point of connection
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